Guide:Mining techniques

This is a collection of mining techniques to enhance Terrarian mining.

Grapple Shaft Mining

 * Also see: Travel Guide - Hellevator.

Required Items:


 * Grappling Hook, Ivy Whip or Dual Hook
 * Any type of pickaxe
 * A high amount of wood or wood platforms
 * A Wooden Door

Just dig a two- or three-block-wide hole going down, bridging the area between with wood platforms every time the last one placed has moved off the screen.

This is very useful for discovering caves and the Underground Jungle, as well as providing quick access to The Underworld.

The best part is the quick ascent, as you can use momentum if you are quick enough with your clicks, the biggest con is that you need a lot more wood compared to other techniques.

To reduce the use of wood and increase mining speed, use a Lucky Horseshoe (which negates fall damage) and a Magic Mirror (to return to base quickly).

For a safe and quick way down to the Underworld, assuming you don't have a Lucky Horseshoe, bring a few buckets and make a two-block-deep pool of water to fall into. This must be placed just above the Underworld, however, as water cannot exist in hell.

In Terraria 1.1 you can use a wooden door under water to remove the water. Rapidly opening and closing the door will eliminate the water. It helps greatly in many mining situations where you have dropped into a cavern filled with water and wish to empty it out.

Ways to improve your mining efficiency

 * 1) Upgrade your equipment regularly.  Better pickaxes mean faster mining.  If you carry a Nightmare Pickaxe as well as a Molten Pickaxe then you have the ability to dig through dirt, mud, and sand extremely quickly. The Nightmare Pickaxe should be used on said blocks due to its faster swing speed and it takes the same amount of hits per block as the Molten Pickaxe making it more efficient. The Molten Pickaxe should be used on all other materials as they take two or more hits with the Nightmare Pickaxe whereas the molten pickaxe has the higher power so it is more efficient when mining harder types of block. The use of Feral Claws or Shadow armor (melee attack speed enhancing items)makes you swing the pickaxe faster, but the actual speed at which the blocks are mined remains the same. Still, the use of such items can be a good idea for certain mining situations, where you have to protect yourself from the enemies. These situations include meteorite ore mining (swing your pickaxe faster to defend against Meteor Heads)and hellstone mining (to defend against Fire Imps).
 * 2) Mining with a friend makes it go by extremely quickly.  You can increase your speed about 300% in multiplayer.  One player can aim at blocks on one side and the other can focus on blocks on the other side.  Since there's no mouse movement, you move downwards at an extremely fast pace. This is even more efficient with a drill and it can allow you to make a straight shaft to hell in a very short amount of time.
 * 3) If you can't mine with a friend, make sure you're mining only two blocks width. If you have a hole 2 blocks wide, you can easily click and hold the left mouse button, moving the cursor back and forth quickly (so long as your pickaxe is strong enough), instead of moving your mouse around. You hardly have to move at all if you click in the right spot (aiming directly under your feet when standing in the middle of the two blocks).
 * 4) If you come to a choice between stone or dirt and do not have a Molten Pickaxe, dig through the dirt, as it is faster to dig through with any other pickaxe, while the Molten is the same speed for either.
 * 5) Potions can greatly enhance your mining trips. By bringing potions such as the Spelunker Potion, the Shine Potion, the Hunter Potion, the Gravitation Potion, the Water Walking Potion or the Swiftness Potion you can see all the hidden gems that you would have missed otherwise, or save on torches by becoming one yourself, or see mobs like worms, or outrun skeletons, or walk on the ceiling or walk on lava unscathed.

Requires

 * A pickaxe
 * A light source
 * A supply of blocks to be placed (Dirt, Stone, etc.)
 * A few Gills Potions (if desired)

Digging Downward
When you come across water while digging downward, place blocks in the water where you want the walls of your tunnel. Once your tunnel is completely sealed off from the rest of the body of water, you'll need to drain the water inside its walls. If there is a natural cave handy, you can dig an outlet to let the water drain into that. Otherwise, dig a cavity from the bottom of your tunnel, allowing the water to drain into the new reservoir. Seal off the drain and continue on your way.

Digging Crosswise
This is performed almost exactly the same as digging downward, except that you'll want to place blocks behind you before you dig into the water, to avoid flooding your tunnel. As before, place blocks to form the ceiling and floor of the new section of your tunnel until it is completely sealed off from the body of water. Then drain the water into a cave or reservoir and seal off the drain. You can then unblock the old section of tunnel and continue on your way.

Pumping Water
If you have access to the required Pumps, Wires and Timers, the process of draining the tunnels can be made much easier. Instead of digging a drain from your new section of tunnel, you can pump the water from it to any nearby cave or reservoir. Simply place an Inlet Pump at the lowest point of your tunnel and wire it to an Outlet Pump where you want the water to end up. Attach a timer to the circut and watch as your tunnel is automatically drained of water. Reclaim your equipment and continue on your way.

Constructing Air Pockets
When digging underwater or exploring flooded caves, you may run out of breath far from the surface. To avoid drowning, tunnel into one of the walls a little way then mine the two blocks above your head so that it forms an air pocket. Either jump or grapple up into the bubble to get a breath of fresh air.

Digging through Lava
No solid blocks can be placed in lava, so digging through lava can be a problem. Also digging in horizontal direction through lava is not recommended, because it is difficult and expensive. Although, the water method is still feasible as the lava itself is converted into Obsidian.

Requires

 * Any pickaxe
 * A supply of Sand or Silt
 * A light source
 * A few Obsidian Skin Potions (highly recommended)

Digging Downward
This works much the same as digging through water. The biggest difference is, of course, the extremely hazardous nature of lava. Sand or silt blocks must be dropped into the lava in order to form the walls of your tunnel. If you want the walls to be made of some other material, drop them an additional block to either side, so you have room to place the permanent walls before reclaiming the temporary ones. It is extremely useful to have Obsidian Skin Potions at this point. You can then drain the lava exactly as you would water (with or without pumps).

If you do not have protection from lava, you will have to tunnel all the way around the lava and dig a reservoir (or locate a natural cave) to drain your tunnel into. You must be certain that the reservoir is large enough to hold all of the lava, otherwise expanding it will be very time consuming. Finally, connect the reservoir the lowest part of the flooded section so that it drains completely. Be careful doing this so that no lava touches you, of course.

Using Water

 * A Nightmare Pickaxe (or better)
 * A supply of water
 * A light source
 * A few Gills Potions (highly recommended)

In this method you turn lava into Obsidian while mining downward. Newly formed Obsidian will become the walls of your tunnel (but can be replaced). Using water you can also dig diagonally. Also you may want to use some method for breathing underwater, because the tunnel will be flooded. The Gills Potion is particularly useful because air pockets tend to clutter the tunnel. Note that this method is not applicable in the Underworld.

Warning! Does not work in Terraria 1.1!
Hellstone drops lava when it is mined and this can be a big pain if you don't take the right precautions.

Things you will need:
 * Sand (one full stack is plenty)
 * Obsidian Skull (optional but will speed up mining a ton)
 * Nightmare Pickaxe or better

The basic strategy is to place one block of sand above the Hellstone you are going to mine, and as you mine, the sand will fall into the lava/crevasse and make it disappear.

This technique requires the obsidian skull because your toes touch the Hellstone and it will injure you if you don't have it. (or use two layers of sand to not step on any hellstone, thus not needing obsidian skull.)

You can sweep back and forth across the screen now by aiming at the left side of the block when you're mining toward the left and on the right side of the block if mining to the right. If you go too close to the middle, your pickaxe will destroy the sand block as it is falling down, and you would need to fill it back in with sand. Once you have your cursor in the right spot, all you need to do is hold down the key to move and the button to mine and you'll zip across the screen collecting the Hellstone and ash blocks.

An alternative that doesn't use sand is to dig a hole below the hellstone first, for the lava to safely flow into. Keep yourself elevated, and mine the deposit from the side, from the bottom to the top.